Monocots native to Iowa [excluding the Cyperaceae & Poaceae] following the work of
Eilers and Roosa [1994].

The following information is sorted in ascending order alphabetically by "Monocot Family".


The following Agavaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Yucca glauca Nutt. ex Frasier . Soapweed Agavaceae Yucca glauca Nutt. . Dry loess bluffs. Frequent to common in Loess Hills. NW, WC, SW Yes Yes .

The following Alismataceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Alismataceae Echinodorus berteroi (Sprengel) Fasset . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Alismataceae Sagittaria australis (J. G. Smith) Small . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Alisma gramineum J.G. Gmelin . Water plantain Alismataceae Alisma gramineum Gmelin . Shores. Shallow water. Rare in WC [Greene County]. WC Yes Yes .
Alisma plantago-aquatica L. var. americanum Schultes & Schultes f. . Alismataceae Alisma triviale Pursh . Shallow water of lakes, ponds, & streams. Common in most of the state. All Yes Yes See comment 1 below.
Alisma plantago-aquatica L. var. parviflorum (Pursh) Torrey . Alismataceae Alisma subcordatum Raf. . Shallow water of lakes, ponds, & streams. Common in most of state. All Yes Yes See comment 1 below.
Alisma plantago-aquatica L. var. plantago-aquatica (Pursh) Torr. . Alismataceae . . . Shallow water of lakes, ponds, & streams. Common in most of state. All Yes Yes See comment 2 below.
Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. . Burhead Alismataceae Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. . Shallow water. Wet sand. Infrequent in SW. Rare in NW, NE, & SE. NE, NW, SE, SW Yes Yes .
Sagittaria brevirostra Mack. & Bush . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria brevirostra Mack. & Bush . Muddy shores. Shallow water. Rare to infrequent in E 1/2. Infrequent to common in W 1/2. All Yes Yes .
Sagittaria calycina Engelm. . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria montevidensis Chamisso & Schlechtendal ssp. calycina (Engelm.) Bogin Muddy shores. Shallow water. Infrequent in SW 2/3. NW, C, WC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Sagittaria cristata Engelm. . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria cristata Engelm. . Muddy shores. Shallow water. Rare in SE 2/3. Frequent in lakes area. NE, NW, EC, C, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon . Muddy shores. Shallow water. Rare in N 1/2, except frequent in lakes area. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, WC Yes Yes .
Sagittaria graminea Michx. . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria graminea Michx. ssp. graminea Muddy shores. Shallow water. Rare in SE 2/3. Frequent in lakes area. NE, NW, EC, C, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Sagittaria latifolia Willd. . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria latifolia Willd. . Muddy shores. Shallow water. Common in NE 1/2. Rare to infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var. latifolia & var. obtusa (Engelm.) Wiegand.
Sagittaria rigida Pursh . Arrowhead Alismataceae Sagittaria rigida Pursh . Muddy shores. Shallow water. Apparently absent from NW, SW, & extreme NE. Infrequent elsewhere. NE, NC, EC, C, WC, SE, SC Yes Yes .

The following Araceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Acoraceae Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf. . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Acorus calamus L. . Sweetflag Acoraceae Acorus calamus L. . Marshes. Shallow, standing water. Frequent in C & in lakes area. Rare in W and extreme NE. NE, NW, C, WC, SW Yes Yes .
Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott . Green dragon Araceae Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott . Moist alluvial woods. Rare to infrequent in NE. Frequent in S. Rare in lakes area. NE, NW, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott . Jack-in-the-pulpit Araceae Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott . Mesic woods. Common throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott . Arrow arum Araceae Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott . Muddy shores. Shallow, standing water. Rare in WC [Greene County], EC [Cedar County], & in SE [Des Moines County]. EC, WC, SE Yes Yes .
Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Nutt. . Skunk cabbage Araceae Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Barton . Shaded seeps. Moist alluvial woods. Rare in E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .

The following Commelinaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Commelina communis L. . Day-flower Commelinaceae Commelina communis L. . Moist, disturbed sites. Usually near dwellings. Absent in NW & in extreme NE. Infrequent to frequent elsewhere. NE, NC, EC, C, WC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Commelina erecta L. var. angustifolia (Michx.) Fern. Day-flower Commelinaceae Commelina erecta L. . Dry, open, sandy areas. Rare in SE [Lee (1931), Louisa, & Muscatine Counties]. SE Yes Yes See comment 3 below.
Tradescantia bracteata Small . Spiderwort Commelinaceae Tradescantia bracteata Small . Low, sandy, open areas. Common in W 2/3. Rare to frequent in NE. Infrequent in SE. NE, NC, NW, C, WC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Tradescantia occidentalis (Britton) Smyth . Spiderwort Commelinaceae Tradescantia occidentalis (Britton) Smyth var. occidentalis Moist sand. Rare in WC [Woodbury County]. WC Yes Yes .
Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. . Spiderwort Commelinaceae Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. . Sandy, open places. Rare in NW, but absent in lakes area. Frequent to common in SE 2/3. NE, NW, EC, C, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Tradescantia virginiana L. . Spiderwort Commelinaceae Tradescantia virginiana L. . Open woodlands. Disturbed, open sites. Rare in SE [Davis (1939), Jefferson (1935), Keokuk (1897), Wapello (1902), & Washington Counties] & in SC [Mahaska County (1938)]. SE, SC Yes Yes .

The following Dioscoriaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Dioscorea villosa L. . Wild yam Dioscoriaceae Dioscorea villosa L. . Open, upland woods. Common NW. Infrequent to rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .

The following Hydrocharitaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Elodea canadensis Michx. . . Hydrocharitaceae Elodea canadensis Michx. . Shallow, standing water. Shallow streams. Common in lakes area. Infrequent in remainder of N 1/2. Rare in E. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, WC, SE Yes Yes .
Elodea nuttallii (Planchon) St. John . . Hydrocharitaceae Elodea nuttallii (Planchon) St. John . Shallow, standing water. Shallow streams. Frequent in SE. Infrequent to rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Vallisneria americana Michx. . Tape grass, eel grass Hydrocharitaceae Vallisneria americana Michx. . Shallow water. Frequent in Mississippi River. Rare in NC & in lakes area. NE, NC, NW, EC, SE Yes Yes .

The following Iridaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Iridaceae Iris cristita Solander ex Aiton . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Iridaceae Iris pseudacoris L. . . . . No No FNA [26:390]: Introduced from Eurasia.
Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. . Blackberry lily Iridaceae Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. . Roadsides. Grazed slopes. Rare escapee from cultivation. All No No .
Iris X germanica L. . Bearded iris Iridaceae Iris germanica L. . Waste or disturbed areas. Rare. Occasionally persists from cultivation. All No No Natural hybrid: Iris pallida Lam. X Iris variegata L..
Iris shrevei Small . Blue flag Iridaceae Iris virginica L. . Shallow water of marshes, ponds, & lakes. Prairie swales. Frequent to common throughout most of the state. Especially common in lakes area and NC. All Yes Yes .
Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Miller . Blue-eyed grass Iridaceae Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Miller . Moist woods. Moist prairies. Rare in S 1/2. EC, C, WC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn. . Blue-eyed grass Iridaceae Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn. . Prairies. Clearings in woods. Common throughout the state. All Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var. campestre & var. kansanum Bickn.

The following Juncaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Juncaceae Juncus anthelatus (Wieg.) R. E. Brooks . . . . . . = Juncus tenuis Willd. var. anthelatus Wieg. [Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.]
. . . . Juncaceae Luzula echinata (Small) Hermann . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Juncus X nodosiformis Fern. . . Juncaceae . . . Fens. Rare in NW [Dickinson County]. NW Yes Yes = Juncus alpinus Villd. X J. nodosus L. See comment 4 below.
Juncus acuminatus Michx. . . Juncaceae Juncus acuminatus Michx. . Wet, sandy prairies. Vernal pools. Infrequent in SE. Rare in NE & SW. NE, SE, SW Yes Yes .
Juncus alpinus Vill. var. fuscescens Fern. . Juncaceae Juncus alpinoarticulatus Chaix . Fens. Wet, sandy soil. Rare in WC [Harrison (1909) & Woodbury (1888) Counties] & in NW [Dickinson County]. NW, WC Yes Yes .
Juncus balticus Willd. var. littoralis Engelm. Bog rush Juncaceae Juncus arcticus Willd. var. balticus (Willd.) Trautvetter Moist prairies. Lake margins. Fens. Infrequent in lakes area. Rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Juncus bufonius L. . Toad rush Juncaceae Juncus bufonius L. . Moist sand. Lakeshores. Rare & scattered in W, N, & SE. NE, NC, NW, WC, SE, SW Yes Yes .
Juncus canadensis J. Gay ex Laharpe . . Juncaceae Juncus canadensis J. Gay . Wet, sandy areas. Marsh edges. Rare in SC, & E 1/4 NE, EC, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Juncus dudleyi Wieg. . . Juncaceae Juncus dudleyi Wieg. . Shorelines. Wet prairies. Wet sand. Frequent to common in NC, SC, & in lakes area. Infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Juncus effusus L. . . Juncaceae Juncus effusus L. . Marsh edges. Alluvial woods. Rare in E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var. effusus & var. var. solutus Fern. & Wieg. FNA does not include this plant in Iowa.
Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman . . Juncaceae Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman . Moist prairie remnants. Vernal pools. Rare in NE & in EC. NE, EC Yes Yes .
Juncus interior Wieg. . . Juncaceae Juncus interior Wieg. . Moist, open, sandy soil. Frequent to common in S 1/2. Infrequent in N 1/2. All Yes Yes .
Juncus marginatus Rostk. . . Juncaceae Juncus marginatus Rostk. . Margins of marshes & ponds. Rare in EC [Cedar, Clinton & Scott Counties] & in SE [Muscatine County (1892)]. EC, SE Yes Yes .
Juncus nodosus L. . . Juncaceae Juncus nodosus L. . Sandy marshes. Moist prairies. Infrequent to rare throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Juncus tenuis Willd. . Path rush Juncaceae Juncus tenuis Willd. . Along woodland paths. Packed soil. Moist habitats. Rare in NW. Common elsewhere. All Yes Yes FNA: Juncus anthelatus (Wieg.) R. E. Brooks = J. tenuis Willd. var. anthelatus Wieg.
Juncus torreyi Cov. . . Juncaceae Juncus torreyi Cov. . Low, sandy prairies. Marshes. Muddy shores. Frequent to common in W 1/2. Infrequent to rare in E 1/2. All Yes Yes .
Juncus vaseyi Englem. . . Juncaceae Juncus vaseyi Englem. . Moist to mesic prairie. Rare in NE [Black Hawk & Howard Counties]. NE Yes Yes .
Luzula acuminata Raf. . Woodrush Juncaceae Luzula acuminata Raf. var. acuminata Cool, moist, wooded slopes. Algific talus slopes. Infrequent in E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Luzula multiflora (Retz.) Lej. . Woodrush Juncaceae Luzula multiflora (Ehrhart) Lejeune ssp. multiflora Sandy, wooded slopes. Prairie remnants. Algific talus slopes. Rare in NE 1/2. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, SE Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var. multiflora & var. bulbosa Wood.

The following Juncaginaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Scheuchzeria palustris L. var. americana Fern. . Scheuchzeriaceae Scheuchzeria palustris L. . Fens. Rare in NW [Emmet County (1884)]. NW Yes Yes .
Triglochin maritimum L. . Common arrow-grass Juncaginaceae Triglochin maritima L. . Fens. Low prairies. Rare in C & N. NE, NC, NW, C Yes Yes .
Triglochin palustris L. . Slender arrow-grass Juncaginaceae Triglochin palustris L. . Fens. Rare in NW [Clay, Dickinson, Emmett, Osceola, & Palo Alto (1948) Counties] & in NE [Chickasaw County]. NE, NW Yes Yes .

The following Lemnaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Lemnaceae Lemna aequinoctialis Welwitsch . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Lemnaceae Lemna obscura (Austin) Daubs . . . . . . [= Lemna minor L. var. obscura Austin] Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Lemnaceae Lemna turianifera Landolt . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Lemnaceae Wolffia borealis (Engelm.) Landolt . . . . . . [=Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell var. borealis Engelm.] Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Lemna minor L. . Duckweed Lemnaceae Lemna minor L. . Stagnant water. Common throughout the state. All Yes Yes See comment 5 below.
Lemna perpusilla Torrey . . Lemnaceae Lemna perpusilla Torrey . Ponds. Rare in EC [Johnson County (1915)]. EC Yes Yes .
Lemna trisulca L. . Star duckweed Lemnaceae Lemna trisulca L. . Stagnant water. Common in lakes area. Infrequent to rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden . Greater duckweed Lemnaceae Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleiden . Stagnant water. Frequent to common throughout most of the state. All Yes Yes .
Wolffia columbiana Karsten . . Lemnaceae Wolffia columbiana Karsten . Stagnant water. Common in lakes area. Infrequent to rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Wolffia punctata Griseb. . . Lemnaceae Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell . Stagnant water. Infrequent to rare in NE 1/2. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, SE Yes Yes FNA does not include this plant in Iowa.

The following Liliaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Liliaceae Allium perdulce S. V. Fraser var. perdulce . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Liliaceae Allium textile A. Nelson & J. F. MacBride . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Liliaceae Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Liliaceae Camassia angusta (Engelm. & Gray) Blankinship . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Liliaceae Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Smilacaceae Smilax illlinoensis Mangaly . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Allium canadense L. . Wild onion Liliaceae Allium canadense L. var. canadense Prairie remnants. Frequent to common throughout. All Yes Yes .
Allium cernuum Roth . Nodding wild onion Liliaceae Allium cernuum Roth . North-facing, wooded talus slopes. Rare in Paleozoic Plateau. NE, EC Yes Yes .
Allium mutabile Michx. . Wild onion Liliaceae Allium canadense L. var. canadense Mesic prairie along old railroad. Rare in NE [Black Hawk County]. NE Yes Yes See comment 6 below.
Allium porrum L. . Leek Liliaceae Allium porrum L. . Roadside. Rare in SW [Mills County]. SW No No See comment 7 below.
Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Ker-Gawl . Wild prairie onion Liliaceae Allium stellatum Ker Gawler . Prairie remnants. Frequent to common in NW 1/4. Rare in NE. NE, NC, NW, C, WC Yes Yes .
Allium tricoccum Aiton . Wild leek Liliaceae Allium tricoccum Aiton . Moist, wooded slopes & ravines. Frequent to common in NE. Infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var tricoccum & var. burdickii Hanes. FNA includes the same varieties.
Allium vineale L. . Field garlic Liliaceae Allium vineale L. . Sandy roadsides. Sand & gravel pits. Rare in EC & in S. Spreading rapidly. EC, SE, SC, SW No No .
Asparagus officinalis L. . Garden asparagus Liliaceae Asparagus officinalis L. . Disturbed ground. Roadsides. Frequent to common escapee from cultivation. All No No .
Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory . Eastern camass Liliaceae Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory . Woodland margins. Prairie remnants. Infrequent to rare in S 1/2. EC, C, WC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Convallaria majalis L. . Lily-of-the-valley Liliaceae Convallaria majalis L. var. majalis Disturbed ground near dwellings. Rare escapee from cultivation. All No No .
Erythronium albidum Nutt. . White trout-lily, white dogtooth-violet Liliaceae Erythronium albidum Nutt. . Moist alluvial woods. Moist woodlands. Shaded bluffs. Frequent throughout the state. All Yes Yes E&R include 2 varieties: var. albidum & var. mesochoreum (Knerr) Rickett
Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl . Yellow trout-lily, yellow dogtooth-violet Liliaceae Erythronium americanum Ker Gawler ssp. americanum Moist, wooded slopes. Alluvial woodlands. Algific talus slopes. Rare in NW [O'Brien County (1921)], NE [Allamakee, Dubuque, Fayette, & Winneshiek Counties], & SC [Lucas & Monroe Counties]. NE, NW, SC Yes Yes .
Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. . Day lily Liliaceae Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. . Roadsides. Sandy fields. Common escapee from cultivation throughout the state. All No No .
Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Cov. . Yellow stargrass Liliaceae Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Cov. . Prairie remnants. Openings in woodlands. Infrequent in NE. Frequent to common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Lilium lancifolium Thunb. . Tiger lily Liliaceae Lilium lancifolium Thunb. . Disturbed ground along railroads & roads. Rare escapee from gardens. All No No .
Lilium michiganense Farw. . Michigan lily Liliaceae Lilium michiganense Farw. . Moist prairies. Roadsides. Frequent to infrequent throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Lilium philadelphicum L. var. andinum (Nutt.) Ker-Gawl Wood lily Liliaceae Lilium philadelphicum L. . Moist prairies. Infrequent to rare throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Maianthemum canadense Desf. . Canada mayflower Liliaceae Maianthemum canadense Desf. . Moist, wooded slopes. Common in Paleozoic Plateau. Rare in remainder of the E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var canadense & var. interius Fern.
Melanthium virginicum L. . Bunch-flower Liliaceae Melanthium virginicum L. . Moist prairies. Infrequent in C, SE, & SC. Rare in NE. NE, C, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Ornithogalum umbellatum L. . Star of Bethlehem Liliaceae Ornithogalum umbellatum L. . Disturbed habitats near dwellings. Grassy roadsides. Rare escapee from cultivation. All No No .
Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) L. . Solomon's seal Liliaceae Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) L. . Upland woods Woodland borders. Roadsides. Common throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh . Downy Solomon's seal Liliaceae Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh . Moist east-facing & north-facing wooded slopes. Rare in NE [Allamakee & Winneshiek Counties]. NE Yes Yes .
Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. . False Solomon's seal, false spikenard Liliaceae Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. racemosum Moist woodlands. Infrequent in NW. Common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. . Starry false Solomon's seal Liliaceae Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link . Moist woodlands. Infrequent in NW. Common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm. ex Kunth) S. Watson . Carrion flower Smilacaeae Smilax ecirrhata S. Watson . Moist, upland woods. Infrequent in E. Frequent to common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Smilax herbacea L. . Carrion flower Smilacaeae Smilax lasioneura Hooker . Woodlands. Woodland borders. Roadsides. Frequent to common throughout the state. All Yes Yes E&R includes 2 varieties: var. herbacea & var. lasioneura (Hooker) A. DC.
Smilax hispida Muhl. . Greenbrier Smilacaeae Smilax tamnoides L. . Alluvial woods. Moist woods. Thickets. Infrequent in NW. Common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Streptopus roseus Michx. . Rosy twisted stalk Liliaceae Streptopus lanceolatus (Aiton) Reveal . Algific talus slopes. Rare in NE [Allamakee, Clayton, Delaware, Dubuque, Fayette, & Winneshiek County] & EC [Jackson County]. NE, EC Yes Yes .
Trillium cernuum L. . Nodding trillium Liliaceae Trillium cernuum L. . Moist, wooded slopes & ravines. Infrequent in NC & in Iowan Surface. Rare in SE. NE, NC, EC, C, SE Yes Yes .
Trillium flexipes Raf. . Nodding trillium Liliaceae Trillium flexipes Raf. . Moist, wooded slopes. Shaded hillsides. Common in NE. Rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Trillium nivale Riddell . Snow trillium Liliaceae Trillium nivale Riddell . Moist woods. Calcareous, wooded slopes. Rare in E 1/2. Infrequent in W 1/2. All Yes Yes .
Trillium recurvatum Beck . Wake robin Liliaceae Trillium recurvatum Beck . Alluvial woods. Infrequent to rare in E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Uvularia grandiflora Small . Bellwort Liliaceae Uvularia grandiflora Smith . Moist, upland woods. Wooded slopes. Infrequent in NW & in SC. Common elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Uvularia sessilifolia L. . Sessile-leaved bellwort Liliaceae Uvularia sessilifolia L. . Moist, upland woods. Rare in NC, NE, & SE. NE, NC, SE Yes Yes .
Veratrum woodii J. W. Robbins . False hellebore Liliaceae Melanthium woodii (Robbins ex Wood) Bodkin . Wooded, calcareous slopes. Rare in S. SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Zigadenus elegans Pursh . White camass Liliaceae Zigadenus elegans Pursh . Prairies. Infrequent in N. NE, NC, NW Yes Yes .
Zigadenus glaucus Nutt. . White camass Liliaceae Zigadenus elegans Pursh . Thin soil on sandstone or limestone ledges. Rare in NE. NE Yes Yes .

The following Najadaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt . Naiad Najadaceae Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt . Shallow standing water. Frequent in SE & in lakes area of NW. Rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus . Naiad Najadaceae Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus . Shallow standing water. Frequent to infrequent in lakes area of NW, also in NC, SE, & SC. Rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes FNA includes two subspecies in Iowa: ssp. guadalupensis & ssp. olivacea (Rosendahl & Butters) Haynes & Hellquist.

The following Orchidaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Orchidaceae Calopogon oklahomensis Goldman . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
. . . . Orchidaceae Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak . . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torrey . Putty-root orchid Orchidaceae Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt. . Moist, upland woods. Infrequent to rare in C & E. NE, EC, C, SE Yes Yes .
Calopogon tuberosus (L.) BSP . Grass pink orchid Orchidaceae Calopogon tuberosus (L.) BSP var. tuberosus Moist, sandy, acidic soils. Fens. Rare in E [all specimens are pre-1900, except Linn County (1951)]. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartman var. virescens (Muhl. ex. Willd.) Luer Bracted orchid Orchidaceae Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartman . Woodland margins. Interiors of upland woods. Infrequent in NE 3/4. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, WC, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. . Spotted coral-root Orchidaceae Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. var. maculata Moist, upland woods. Sandy, wooded slopes. Rare in NE [Allamakee, Clayton, Dubuque, & Winneshiek Counties]. NE Yes Yes .
Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt. . Fall coral-root orchid Orchidaceae Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Poiret . Rich, upland woods. Moist, sandy, wooded slopes. Rare & local throughout the state. All Yes Yes FNA includes 2 varieties in Iowa: var. odontorhiza & var. pringlei (Greenman) Freudenstein
Cypripedium calceolus L. var. parviflorum (Salisb.) Fern. Small yellow lady's-slipper orchid Orchidaceae Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. . Sedge meadows. Wet prairie. Rare in NE [Buchanan & Chickasaw Counties]. NE Yes Yes See comment 8 below.
Cypripedium calceolus L. var. pubescens (Willd.) Correll Yellow lady's-slipper orchid Orchidaceae Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight Moist upland woods & slopes. Moist prairies. Infrequent to rare in E 1/2. Rare & scattered in W 1/2. All Yes Yes See comment 8 below.
Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. . Small white lady's-slipper orchid Orchidaceae Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. . Moist prairies. Prairie swales. Fens. Rare and local throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Cypripedium reginae Walter . Showy lady's-slipper orchid Orchidaceae Cypripedium reginae Walter . Moist woods. Algific talus slopes. Wet prairies. Rare & local in NE. Formerly scatttered in E 2/3. NE Yes Yes .
Cypripedium x andrewsii Fuller . . Orchidaceae Cypripedium X andrewsii Fuller . Woodland seeps. Sedge meadows. Moist prairies. Rare in NE [Bremer, Chickasaw, Fayette, & Howard Counties]. Rare in SC [Decatur County]. NE, SC Yes Yes In FNA this taxon = Cypripedium parviflorum X C. candidum [in E&R: = C. calceolus X C. candidum]
Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. . Showy orchis Orchidaceae Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. . Moist woods. Frequent in NE. Rare in SW. Infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. . Rattlesnake plantain Orchidaceae Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. . Moist woods. White pine groves. Rare & local in E. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Liparis liliifolia (L.) L. C. Rich ex Lindley . Twayblade Orchidaceae Liparis liliifolia (L.) L. C. Rich ex Lindley . Moist, upland woods. Wooded slopes. Infrequent in E 3/4. All Yes Yes .
Liparis loeselii (L.) L. C. Rich . Bog twayblade Orchidaceae Liparis loeselii (L.) L. C. Rich . Fens & other moist to wet habitats. Rare in WC, N, & E. NE, NC, NW, EC, WC, SE Yes Yes .
Malaxis unifolia Michx. . Adder's mouth orchid Orchidaceae Malaxis unifolia Michx. . Upland woods. Rare in C [Story (1897) & Tama (n.d., but pre-1900) Counties] & E [Iowa (1923), Johnson (1907), Muscatine (1893), & Winneshiek (1879) Counties]. NE, EC, C, SE Yes Yes .
Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer . Wood orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer . Sandy woods. Rare in E [Fayette (1894), Linn, & Muscatine (1894) Counties]. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Platanthera flava (L.) Lindley var. herbiola (R. Br.) Luer Tubercled orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera flava (L.) Lindley var. herbiola (R. Br.) Luer Moist, low prairies. Sedge meadows. Rare in NC & E. NE, NC, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Platanthera hookeri (Torrey ex Gray) Lindley . Round-leaved orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera hookeri (Torrey ex Gray) Lindley . Moist, upland woods. Sandy, wooded slopes. Rare & local in NE. NE Yes Yes .
Platanthera hyperborea (L.) R. Br. var. huronensis (Nutt.) Luer Leafy northern green orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak . Fens. Seeps. Moist woods. Rare in C [Story County (1890)], NW [Cherokee, Clay, Dickinson, & Emmet Counties], & NE [Howard, & Winneshiek (pre-1900) Counties]. NE, NW, C Yes Yes See comment 9 below.
Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don ex Sweet . Green fringed orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don ex Sweet . Moist, open ground. Rare in SE [Des Moines & Lee (1929) Counties]. SE Yes Yes FNA does not include this in Iowa.
Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindley . Eastern prairie fringed orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindley . Prairie swales. Rare in E [Black Hawk (1894), Clayton, Delaware, Henry (1843), Iowa (1903), Johnson, Linn (1921), & Muscatine (1908) Counties]. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .
Platanthera praeclara Sheviak & Bowles . Western prairie fringed orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera praeclara Sheviak & Bowles . Prairie swales. Rare in scattered locations throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Platanthera psychodes (L.) Lindley . Purple fringed orchid Orchidaceae Platanthera psychodes (L.) Lindley . Moist prairies. Moist woods. Seeps. Rare & local NE & SE. NE, SE Yes Yes .
Spiranthes cernua (L.) L. C. Rich . Nodding ladies' -tresses Orchidaceae Spiranthes cernua (L.) L. C. Rich . Moist prairies. Sedge meadows. Infrequent in E 2/3. Rare in WC [Harrison & Woodbury Counties]. NE, NC, EC, C, WC, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. . Slender ladies'-tresses Orchidaceae Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. . Usually sandy, dry prairies. Rare in NC, E, & SC. NE, NC, EC, SE, SC Yes Yes FNA includes 2 varieties in Iowa: var. lacera & var. gracilis (Bigelow) Luer
Spiranthes lucida (H.H. Eaton) Ames . Yellow-lipped ladies'-tresses Orchidaceae Spiranthes lucida (H.H. Eaton) Ames . Fens Rare in NE [Allamakee County]. NE Yes Yes FNA does not include this plant in Iowa.
Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak . Great plains ladies'-tresses Orchidaceae Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak . Dry prairie hillsides. Rare in NC [Floyd County], NE [Allamakee, Delaware & Dubuque Counties], & SC [Monroe County]. NE, NC, SC Yes Yes .
Spiranthes ovalis Lindley . . Orchidaceae Spiranthes ovalis Lindley var. erostellata Catling Woodland openings. Rare in C [Polk County], EC [Jackson & Linn Counties], SE [Henry & Muscatine Counties], & SC [Monroe County]. EC, C, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. . Hooded ladies'-tresses Orchidaceae Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. . Fens. Rare in NW [Dickinson & Emmet Counties]. NW Yes Yes .
Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray . . Orchidaceae Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray . Low, wet, open places. Rare in WC [Harrison (1918), Monona, & Woodbury Counties]. Rare in SW [Fremont County (1915)]. WC, SW Yes Yes .
Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. . Nodding pogonia Orchidaceae Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. ssp. trianthophora Moist, wooded areas. Rare & local in NE & EC. NE, EC Yes Yes .

The following Pontederiaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM. . Water star-grass Pontederiaceae Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM. . Shallow water. Muddy shores. Infrequent in NW & E. Rare elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. . Water star-grass Pontederiaceae Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. . Shallow water. Muddy shores. Rare in NW [Lyon County], SE [Muscatine County (1894)], & SW [Fremont County (1888)]. NW, SE, SW Yes Yes .
Heteranthera reniformis R. & P. . Water star-grass Pontederiaceae Heteranthera multiflora (Grisebach) C. N. Horn . Shallow water. Rare in SC [Lucas County]. SC Yes Yes .
Pontederia cordata L. . Pickerel-weed Pontederiaceae Pontederia cordata L. . Marshy shores. Shallow water. Infrequent to rare throughout the state. All Yes Yes .

The following Potamogetonaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
. . . . Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia filiformis (Persoon) Borner ssp. occidentalis (Robbins) Haynes, Les, & Kral . . . . . Not listed in Eilers & Roosa.
Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman . Shallow water of ponds. Lakes. Rare in C [Tama County (1891)], NW [Dickinson County], NC [Cerro Gordo (1896), Floyd (1880s), & Hancock Counties], & SE [Muscatine County (1894)]. NC, NW, C, SE Yes Yes .
Potamogeton crispus L. . Curly pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton crispus L. . Shallow water of lakes. Backwaters of Mississippi River. Shallow streams of NE. Rare & local, though spreading. All No No .
Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. . Marshes. Shallow ponds. Rare in NE, SE, & SC. NE, SE, SC Yes Yes .
Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. . Shallow water in marshes. Rare in NC [Winnebago County (1896)], NE [Bremer & Fayette (1894) Counties], & SE [Muscatine County (1896)]. NE, NC, SE Yes Yes .
Potamogeton foliosus Raf. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton foliosus Raf. ssp. foliosus Shallow marshes. Ponds. Lakes. Frequent to common throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Potamogeton friesii Rupr. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton friesii Rupr. . Shallow water at edges of lakes. Rare in NW, NC, & SC. NC, NW, SC Yes Yes .
Potamogeton gramineus L. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton gramineus L. . Shallow water. Infrequent in NC & in lakes area. NC, NW Yes Yes .
Potamogeton illinoensis Morong . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton illinoensis Morong . Shallow water of lakes & ponds. Frequent in NC & in lakes area. Rare in SE & SW. NC, NW, SE, SW Yes Yes .
Potamogeton natans L. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton natans L. . Shallow water at edges of lakes & marshes. Infrequent in NC & in lakes area. Rare in NE & SE. NE, NC, NW, SE. Yes Yes .
Potamogeton nodosus Poiret . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton nodosus Poiret . Shallow water at edges of lakes & marshes. Common in lakes area & NC. Infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Potamogeton pectinatus L. . Sago pondweed Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Borner . Shallow standing water. Backwaters of Mississippi River. Common in lakes area. Infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes .
Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen . Shallow water of lakes & marshes. Rare in NW [Dickinson & Emmet (1895) Counties] & NC [Cerro Gordo (1896) County]. NC, NW Yes Yes .
Potamogeton pusillus L. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pusillus L. ssp. pusillus Shallow water of lakes & marshes. Frequent in lakes area & SE. Infrequent to rare in SC & SW. NW, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Potamogeton pusillus L. var. tenuissimus Mert. & Koch Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pusillus L. ssp. tenuissimus (Mert. & Koch) Haynes & Hellquist Shallow water of lakes. Rare in lakes area & in WC [Greene County]. NW, WC Yes Yes .
Potamogeton richardsonii (A. Benn.) Rydb. . Red-head pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton richardsonii (A. Benn.) Rydb. . Shallow water of lakes & marshes. Common in lakes area. Rare in remainder of NW & in Paleozoic Plateau. NE, NW, EC Yes Yes .
Potamogeton spirillus Tuckerman . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton spirillus Tuckerman . Shallow standing water. Rare in NC [Hancock (1896) & Winnebago (1896) Counties] & in SE [Muscatine County (1896)]. NC, SE Yes Yes .
Potamogeton strictifolius A. Benn. . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton strictifolius A. Benn. . Shallow water of lakes. Rare in NC & in lakes area. Last collected in 1917. NC, NW Yes Yes FNA does not include this plant in Iowa.
Potamogeton vaseyi Robbins . Pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton vaseyi Robbins . Shallow water of marshes. Rare in NC [Worth County], EC [Linn County], & in S [Louisa, Lucas, & Ringgold Counties]. NC, EC, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern. . Flat-stemmed pondweed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern. . Shallow water of ponds, rivers, & lakes. Frequent in NC & in lakes area. Rare in NE, EC [Linn County (1895)], SE [Louisa & Muscatine (1895) Counties], & SW [Fremont County]. NE, NC, NW, EC, SE, SW Yes Yes .

The following Ruppiaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Ruppia maritima L. . Widgeon grass Ruppiaceae Ruppia maritima L. . Moderately shallow water. Rare in NW [Dickinson County]. NW Yes Yes .

The following Sparganiaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Sparganium americanum Nutt. . Bur-reed Sparganiaceae Sparganium americanum Nutt. . Shallow water of marsh edges. Infrequent in SE. Rare in NE, SC, & SW. NE, SE, SC, SW Yes Yes .
Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong . Bur-reed Sparganiaceae Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong . Shallow water of marshes. Rare in EC [Johnson County] & SE [Muscatine County (1922)]. EC, SE Yes Yes .
Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydb. . Bur-reed Sparganiaceae Sparganium emersum Rehmann . Shallow water of marshes. Infrequent in NC & in lakes area. NC, NW Yes Yes .
Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. . Bur-reed Sparganiaceae Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. . Shallow water of marshes. Rare in NE. Frequent to infrequent elsewhere. All Yes Yes .

The following Typhaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Typha Xglauca Godron . Hybrid cattail Typhaceae Typha X glauca Godron . Shallow water of marshes. Wet roadsides. Frequent to common throughout the state. All Yes Yes = Typha angustifolia X T. latifolia
Typha angustifolia L. . Narrow-leaved cattail Typhaceae Typha angustifolia L. . Marshy shores. Shallow water. Wet roadsides. Edges of shallow streams. Frequent throughout the state. All Yes Yes .
Typha latifolia L. . Common cattail Typhaceae Typha latifolia L. . Marshes. Shallow standing water. Wet roadsides. Infrequent to frequent throughout the state. All Yes Yes .

The following Xyridaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Xyris torta J. E. Sm. . Yellow-eyed grass Xyridaceae Xyris torta Smith . Sandy pond margins. Vernal pools. Rare in E [Benton, Buchanan, Cedar, Fayette (1894), Linn, & Muscatine Counties]. NE, EC, SE Yes Yes .

The following Zannichelliaceae are native or naturalized in Iowa.

Scientific
Name
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Author
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Subspecific Category
[Eilers & Roosa]		 Common
Name		 Family
[FNA]		 Scientific
Name
[FNA]		 Author
[FNA]		 Subspecific
Category
[FNA]		 Habitat Abundance & Distribution Geographic Areas of
Iowa Occupied		 US
Native?		 IA
Native?		 Special
Notes
Zannichellia palustris L. . Horned pondweed Zannichelliaceae Zannichellia palustris L. . Shallow marshes. Cold-water streams of NE. Frequent in lakes area. Infrequent in NE 1/4. Rare in SE [Muscatine County (1894)]. NE, NC, NW, EC, C, SE Yes Yes .

A total of 182 monocots have been recorded from the state of Iowa.

1. Regarding Alisma plantago-aquatica. Eilers & Roosa includes 3 varieties: var. plantago-aquatica, var. americanum Schultes, & var. parviflorum (Pursh) Torrey. In FNA var. americanum Schultes is segregated as A. trivale Pursh & var. parviflorum is segregated as A. subcordatum Raf.
2. Regarding Alisma plantago-aquatica var. plantago-aquatica: FNA [volume 22, p. 25] considers this plant to be present in Alaska, but absent from the continuous 48 states. See comment 1 above regarding var. americanum & var. parviflorum.
3. Regarding Commelina erecta: From FNA [Vol. 22]: "This is by far the most variable species of Commelina in the flora. Three freely intergrading varieties may be recognized, although they are of questionable significance ..."
4. Regarding Juncus X nodosiformis: From FNA [volume 22, pp. 254 - 255]: J. alpinus is a synonym for J. alpinoarticulatus Chaix, so J. X nodosiformis Fern. is derived from J. alpinoarticulatus X J. nodosus.
5. Regarding Lemna minor: E&R includes Lemna turionifera Landolt as part of L. minor. FNA segrates Lemna minor L. var. obscura Austin as Lemna obscura (Austin) Daubs & retains L. turionifera Landolt as a separate taxon.
6. Regarding Allium mutabile: E&R includes A. canadense L. var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey as a synonym for A. mutabile. FNA places A. mutabile Michx. w/in A. canadense var. canadense. FNA also recognizes Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey and shows it as a plant of the deep SE section of N. America [NOT in Iowa].
7. Regarding Allium porrum: FNA mentions this taxon, but does not include it as a member of North America's flora. See FNA discussion regarding Allium ampeloprasum L. [vol. 26, pp. 238 - 239].
8. Regarding Cypripedium calceolus: FNA includes 2 varieties of this orchid in Iowa: var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight & var. makasin (Farwell) Sheviak. In FNA: [1] C. calceolus var. parviflorum is not listed, [2] C. parviflorum var. parviflorum is not included from Iowa [but it is in SE Nebraska just across the Mo. River].
9. Regarding Platanthera hyperborea: FNA [see vol. 26]: To clarify [?] the taxonomy of this plant see discussion for P. hyperborea [from Greenland only in N. America], P. huronensis [not found in Iowa = P. hyperborea var. huronensis], & P. aquilonis.

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